{"id":16715,"date":"2025-05-19T14:19:00","date_gmt":"2025-05-19T12:19:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chateaunantes.fr\/?page_id=16715"},"modified":"2025-06-27T17:16:02","modified_gmt":"2025-06-27T15:16:02","slug":"katsushika-hokusai-1760-1849-chronology-of-the-edo-period","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.chateaunantes.fr\/en\/katsushika-hokusai-1760-1849-chronology-of-the-edo-period\/","title":{"rendered":"Katsushika Hokusai 1760-1849 : Chronology of the Edo period"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>1603<\/strong><br>Start of the Edo period. Establishment of the <em>Bakufu Tokugawa.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1612<\/strong><br>Christianity is outlawed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1615<\/strong><br>The storming of Osaka Castle, the demise of the Toyotomi clan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1635<\/strong><br>Establishment of the system of alternating residences for <em>daimy\u014d<\/em> or feudal lords (s<em>ankin-k\u014dtai<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1639<\/strong><br>Japan is closed to foreigners (<em>sakoku<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1641<\/strong><br>The Dutch are given permission to open a trading post on the island of Deshima, near Nagasaki.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1643<\/strong><br>Death of the painter Tawaraya Sotatsu, founder of the Rinpa School.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>c. 1666<\/strong><br>Publication of the book <em>Tales of the Floating World <\/em>(<em>Ukiyo monogatari<\/em>)by Asai Ry\u014di.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1691<\/strong><br>Matsuo Bash\u014d publishes <em>Monkey\u2019s Raincoat<\/em> (<em>Sarumino<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prior to 1694 Hishikawa Moronobu creates the first prints in black and white on loose sheets of paper.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1701-1702<\/strong><br>Ogata K\u014drin of the Rinpa School paints the <em>Irises <\/em>screen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1703<\/strong><br>Incident of the Forty-Seven R\u014dnins.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1707<\/strong><br>Mount Fuji erupts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1720<\/strong><br>Authorization to import foreign books except those dealing with Christianity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1724<\/strong><br>Death of the dramatist and poet Chikamatsu Monzaemon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>c. 1765<\/strong><br>Suzuki Harunobu invents the multi-colour print known as a \u201cbrocade print\u201d (<em>nishiki-e<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>c. 1768<\/strong><br>Katsukawa Shunsh\u014d renews the genre of the kabuki actor portrait.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1782-1787<\/strong><br>Japan is struck by several major famines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1790<\/strong><br>Tightening of printing laws and introduction of the censorship seal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1794<\/strong><br>Sharaku creates his portraits of actors published by Tsutaya J\u016bzabur\u014d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1804<\/strong><br>Utamaro publishes <em>Annals of the Green Houses<\/em>, an ensemble of portraits of Yoshiwara courtesans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1828<\/strong><br>Death of the poet Kobayashi Issa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1834-1837<\/strong><br>Famines occur during the Tenp\u014d era.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1853<\/strong><br>Arrival of Commodore Perry\u2019s \u201cblack ships\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1856-1858<\/strong><br>Hiroshige publishes <em>One Hundred Famous Views of Edo.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1858<\/strong><br>Signing of the \u201cunequal treaties\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1868<\/strong><br>End of the Edo period. Advent of the Emperor Meiji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1-1760-1777\">1. <strong>1760-1777<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The early years<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Born in the Honj\u014d-Warigesui district in eastern Edo (Tokyo) on 23 September 1760, Hokusai was adopted at the age of three by artisan Nakajima Isei, an official mirror maker for the shogunate. Named <strong>Tokitar\u014d<\/strong>, he was later given the name <strong>Tetsuz\u014d<\/strong> when he turned nine. Initially a polisher for his adoptive father, as a teenager, he became an apprentice to a wood engraver, learning the process of making prints and books. His keen and precocious taste for drawing\u2014he claims to have begun drawing at the age of six\u2014was expressed amidst the creative and stimulating context of the printed arts of the mid-Edo period (1603-1868).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-1778-1794\">2. <strong>1778-1794<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Formative years<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At the age of nineteen, he became a student in the studio of Katsukawa Shunsh\u014d (1726-1793), a popular <em>ukiyo-e<\/em> artist, known for his prints depicting beautiful women (<em>bijin-ga<\/em>) and portraits of famous kabuki actors, a genre he was able to renew. Signing his first works <strong>Shunr\u014d <\/strong>(meaning \u201cthe brilliance of spring\u201d), Hokusai produced numerous prints on a variety of subjects (warriors, beautiful women, remarkable sites, sumo wrestlers, etc.), and portraits of actors for <em>kiby\u014dshi<\/em> (illustrated books with a yellow cover for adults combining caricatures and humour). Only a few rare paintings from this period have survived, in the <em>uki-e<\/em> (floating image) style incorporating Western effects of perspective. Although faithful to the Katsukawa School in the style of his master Shunsh\u014d, Hokusai left the studio shortly after his mentor\u2019s death in 1793 for unknown reasons, although possibly due to a quarrel of some kind. His touchy character was well-known.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3-1794-1804\">3. <strong>1794-1804<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The S\u014dri period<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After leaving the Katsukawa School, Hokusai changed his name to <strong>S\u014dri<\/strong> upon being made head of Tawaraya S\u014dri\u2019s studio, active between 1760 and 1780. This name is associated with the famous Rinpa School founded in the 17th century by Tawaraya S\u014dtatsu and Hon\u2019ami K\u014detsu, and whose great master was Ogata K\u014drin (1658-1716). Although he was initially influenced by the decorative Rinpa style, Hokusai quickly freed himself from it to create his own S\u014dri style, characterized by a certain sadness and gentle melancholy. Moving away from the world of <em>ukiyo-e<\/em> in favour of a classical career as a painter, he was then closely linked to the world of <em>ky\u014dka<\/em> (a style of witty poetry known as \u201cmad poetry\u201d). He authored poems and executed numerous non-commercial prints (<em>surimono<\/em>) and picture books for literary circles, including the Asakusa circle, composed of writers and scholars. At the same time, he began experimenting with the use of Western perspective and chiaroscuro. In 1798, he abandoned the name S\u014dri and became <strong>Hokusai Tokimasa<\/strong> in reference to the bodhisattva My\u014dken, a deification of the North Star (<em>hokushin<\/em>) and tutelary figure of the Nichiren Buddhist sect of which Hokusai was a follower.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-1805-1811\">4. <strong>1805-1811<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>A popular illustrator<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This new period in Hokusai\u2019s life was tremendously successful. He produced numerous images for popular literature (<em>yomihon<\/em>), notably illustrating the adventure novels of the famous author Kyokutei Bakin (1767-1848), including <em>Strange Tales of the Crescent Moon<\/em>. His mastery of drawing, black ink, and its many variations revolutionized this literary genre. Hokusai was also known for his eccentric productions for temples, where he executed gigantic portraits of the Bodhidharma Daruma. These years were also marked by an abundant production of works, especially paintings, and saw the beginning of a new phase in the artist\u2019s career, that of manuals. Hokusai adopted several pen names depending on the works produced: <strong>Katsushika Hokusai<\/strong> for example, in reference to the district where he was born, and <strong>Taito<\/strong>, from Taihokuto, meaning \u201cthe star of the little bear\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"5-1812-1829\">5. <strong>1812-1829<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The <em>Manga<\/em> years<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hokusai\u2019s studio flourished, with many apprentices working for the master, and his teaching methods and style were copied all over Japan. Hokusai produced countless drawing manuals for artists, poets, and artisans, as well as children. The first of these, published in 1810, was entitled <em>Basic Instruction in Sketching<\/em> and was followed in 1814 by the initial volume of the famous <em>Manga<\/em>. Four thousand drawings over fifteen volumes were produced and printed, with the last volume being published posthumously (1878).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <em>Manga<\/em> project was inspired by a trip to Nagoya to visit Maki Bokusen (1775-1824), a samurai aesthete. While visiting the former, Hokusai produced several hundred sketches which he referred to as <em>Manga<\/em> (\u201cdrawings with a brush\u201d). Compiled together, these first drawings form the initial volume of the <em>Denshin kaishu <\/em>series<em>, <\/em>the <em>Hokusai manga (<\/em><em>Transmitting the Spirit, Revealing Form of Things: Picture Album of Drawings at One Stroke<\/em>). This was followed by other manuals: <em>Album of Drawings in Three Ways<\/em> (1816), <em>Quick Pictorial Dictionary<\/em> (1817), and <em>Album of Drawings with One Stroke<\/em> (1823).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hokusai forged a new name for himself: <strong>Iitsu<\/strong> (meaning \u201cone again\u201d), to coincide with his sixtieth birthday and the end of the long calendar cycle of the Zodiac, and the start of another. He was extremely successful and his <em>surimono <\/em>production, notably his series on shells in 1821, had reached an unparalleled artistic level. However, on a personal level, Hokusai encountered several difficulties: the death of one of his daughters and his second wife, his grandson was crippled by debt, and he himself suffered a stroke. His daughter \u014ci, who was also a painter, came to work with him at this time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"6-1830-1834\">6. <strong>1830-1834<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The Wave and Mount Fuji<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the early 1830s, Hokusai returned to the forefront with the publication of several innovative series: <em>Thirty-Six Views of Mount Fuji<\/em> in 1830-1833, featuring the famous <em>Under the Wave off Kanagawa<\/em>, <em>A Tour of the Waterfalls of the Provinces<\/em> in 1833, <em>Eight Views of the Ry\u016bky\u016b Islands<\/em>, and <em>Remarkable Views of Famous Bridges in Various Provinces<\/em> in 1834. These publications would revolutionize the landscape genre in Japanese art and the extreme popularity of these works with the public inscribed this theme in the art of <em>ukiyo-e<\/em>. The publication of the illustrated three-volume book <em>One Hundred Views of Mount Fuji<\/em>, a masterpiece of the art of printmaking, in 1834, brought this exceptional artistic period to a close. To sign this opus, Hokusai chose a new name for himself, <strong>Manji<\/strong> (\u201cten thousand years\u201d), preceded by <strong>Gaky\u014d R\u014djin<\/strong> (\u201cthe old man mad about drawing\u201d). A red seal in the shape of the sacred mountain so dear to the artist began to appear on his works.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"7-1835-1849\">7. <strong>1835-1849<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Obuse and the last paintings<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Despite publishing the series <em>One Hundred Poems Explained by a Nurse<\/em> and <em>Panoramic View of the Famous Places of China<\/em>, Hokusai moved away from the art of <em>nishiki-e<\/em> to devote himself fully to painting, perfecting his technique and representation of his subjects. Beginning in 1842, Hokusai made several stays in Obuse in Shinano Province, near the present-day city of Nagano, at the invitation of his friend and patron Takai K\u014dzan (1806-1883). He produced several major works, including the decorations for the festival floats for the Higashimachi and Kanmachi districts and the impressive phoenix ceiling of the Gansh\u014d-in Buddhist temple. At the end of his life, Hokusai signed his paintings with the <strong>Hyaku<\/strong> (\u201cone hundred\u201d) seal, signifying his intention to continue to work for as long as possible, becoming, in his own words, a true painter. Hokusai died at the age of ninety on the eighteenth day of the fourth month of the second year of the Kaei era (10 April 1849). His ashes were placed in the Asakusa-Seiky\u014dji temple in Edo (Tokyo).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-1 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.chateaunantes.fr\/en\/water-in-hokusais-work\/\"><strong>\u2190<\/strong> Previous<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-2 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" 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CMN2020_TICKET\"><div class=\"CMN2020_TICKET_IMG\" aria-label=\"Hokusai in Obuse\u00a0\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/www.chateaunantes.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Banniere-site-chateau18-300x150.jpg);\"><\/div><div class=\"CMN2020_CARD_CONTENT\"><h4 id=\"hokusai-in-obuse\"><\/h4><h3>Hokusai in Obuse\u00a0<\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/a><div class=\"CMN2020_BLOCK_ETIQUETTE\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chateaunantes.fr\/en\/hokusai-and-mount-fuji\/\"><div class=\"CMN2020_CARD CMN2020_TICKET\"><div class=\"CMN2020_TICKET_IMG\" aria-label=\"Hokusai and Mount Fuji\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/www.chateaunantes.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Banniere-site-chateau16-300x150.jpg);\"><\/div><div class=\"CMN2020_CARD_CONTENT\"><h4 id=\"hokusai-and-mount-fuji\"><\/h4><h3>Hokusai and Mount Fuji<\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/a><div class=\"CMN2020_BLOCK_ETIQUETTE\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1603Start of the Edo period. Establishment of the Bakufu Tokugawa. 1612Christianity is outlawed. 1615The storming of Osaka Castle, the demise of the Toyotomi clan. 1635Establishment of the system of alternating residences for daimy\u014d or feudal lords (sankin-k\u014dtai). 1639Japan is closed to foreigners (sakoku). 1641The Dutch are given permission to open a trading post on the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":17361,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"indications-recherche":[],"class_list":["post-16715","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Katsushika Hokusai 1760-1849 : Chronology of the Edo period - Ch\u00e2teau des ducs de Bretagne | Mus\u00e9e d\u2019histoire de Nantes<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.chateaunantes.fr\/en\/katsushika-hokusai-1760-1849-chronology-of-the-edo-period\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Katsushika Hokusai 1760-1849 : Chronology of the Edo period - Ch\u00e2teau des ducs de Bretagne | Mus\u00e9e d\u2019histoire de Nantes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"1603Start of the Edo period. 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